Mitral Valve Disease

Advanced Cardiac Procedures: Leading-Edge Heart Care for Pets

Understanding Heart Disease in Pets

Just like for humans, when our pets develop certain types of heart disease, the heart’s chambers and valves may not function properly. This can lead to fluid build up and strain on the heart, significantly affecting your pet’s quality of life. At VSA we offer advanced cardiac procedures and leading edge treatments that can provide new hope for pets with complex heart conditions.

Mitral Valve Disease: A common challenge for our pets

Mitral valve disease stands as the most common heart condition we treat in dogs and cats. This progressive condition occurs when the valve between the left atrium and ventricle becomes thickened and distorted over time. As the valve’s structure changes, it no longer closes properly, allowing blood to leak backward through the valve – a process known as regurgitation. This leakage leads to an enlargement of the left atrium and creates increased pressure within the heart chambers. Eventually, this pressure can cause fluid to build up in the lungs, a condition known as pulmonary oedema.

We see this condition most frequently in small to medium-sized dogs, particularly as they age beyond eight years. Certain breeds show a higher predisposition to mitral valve disease, with Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, Dachshunds, and Poodles being especially vulnerable. Early detection and management are crucial for the best possible outcomes.

Advanced Heart Failure: When Traditional Treatments Aren't Enough

When heart disease progresses to advanced stages, it can significantly impact your pet’s quality of life. Advanced heart disease typically manifests as severe enlargement of the cardiac chambers, accompanied by eventual fluid accumulation in the lungs. Many pets reach a point where standard medications no longer effectively manage their symptoms. The heart’s reduced functional capacity leads to poor blood flow throughout the body, making simple activities challenging at times. Pets often show signs of exercise intolerance and may struggle with breathing, particularly during physical activity or when resting at night.

State-of-the-Art Cardiology Treatment Options

At VSA we are focused on providing the most advanced treatments and procedures to our patients and we are delighted to be able to offer two innovative and groundbreaking procedures to our patients with mitral valve disease.

These two different procedure options for dogs with congestive heart failure from mitral valve disease, extend both quality and quantity of life. This includes a left atrial decompression or transcatheter edge-to-edge repair depending on what is best for each individual animal.

Left Atrial Decompression: A Breakthrough Procedure

Left atrial decompression represents a groundbreaking advance in veterinary cardiology and we are delighted to be able to bring this treatment to our patients – a first for veterinary cardiology in New Zealand.

This innovative procedure creates a controlled opening between the left and right atria (top chambers of the heart), effectively relieving dangerous pressure build up. Our specialist performs this service using minimally invasive techniques, accessing the heart through a needle sized incision in the neck.

Using advanced imaging for precise guidance, we navigate a specialised catheter through the blood vessels and into the heart. Once perfectly positioned, we create a carefully sized opening between the chambers. The effect is often immediate – the high pressure in the diseased left atrium from the mitral valve disease decreases, leading to improved breathing and reduced strain on the heart. Many pets experience a better quality of extended life following the procedure, often requiring lower doses of their regular medications and relieving pressure on the kidneys.

Transcatheter Edge to Edge Repair (TEER): Revolutionary Valve Treatment

The TEER procedure represents a revolutionary approach to treating mitral valve disease without requiring open heart surgery. This sophisticated treatment uses advanced catheter-based technology to repair the leaking mitral valve while the heart continues to beat. Our skilled specialist guide’s a thin catheter through the blood vessels to reach the heart, using real-time imaging for precise positioning. The procedure centres around placing a small clip-like device that grasps the edges of the leaking valve leaflets, bringing them together to reduce or eliminate backward blood flow. This permanent device supports the repaired valve, improving overall heart function. The minimally invasive nature of TEER means shorter recovery times compared to traditional surgery, with many pets showing immediate improvement in their valve function and overall cardiac performance. There is a very specific case selection process for this treatment option which requires discussion with the cardiovascular team.

State-of-the-Art Technology and Expertise

We use state-of-the-art equipment throughout these procedures, including advanced cardiac imaging systems and specialised equipment. Real-time monitoring ensures the highest level of safety and precision during every step of the process. Our team includes board-certified veterinary cardiologist Dr Keaton Morgan who has high volume specific training in these innovative techniques.

The Treatment Journey

Initial Assessment

Every treatment begins with a comprehensive cardiac evaluation typically including an echocardiogram, ECG and occasionally blood tests or radiographs.. We’ll discuss all risks and benefits thoroughly and create a personalised treatment plan for your pet.

During the Procedure

Your pet will receive general anaesthesia throughout the procedure which is customized with cardiac friendly protocols. We maintain constant monitoring of vital signs while using advanced imaging guidance to ensure precision in our minimally invasive techniques.

Recovery and Monitoring

Following the procedure, your pet will be closely monitored in our intensive care unit overnight with the majority of patients being well enough to go home the next day.. We provide comprehensive pain management and regular assessment of heart function. Most pets return home being able to return to normal activities relatively quickly.

Understanding Success and Recovery

The success of these advanced cardiac procedures manifests in several ways. Most notably, pets typically show improved symptoms and lower requirement for medications. Breathing rates, exercise tolerance and coughing can all improve with a greater control over a longer period of time. Our follow-up imaging often reveals reduced heart size and reduced pressures. Perhaps most importantly, owners frequently report a significant improvement in their pet’s energy levels and overall quality of life.

Potential Risks and Considerations

As with any advanced medical procedure, there are potential complications to consider. These may include reactions to anaesthesia, bleeding or bruising at catheter sites, irregular heart rhythms, or issues with catheter placement. Our team will discuss all aspects of these procedures with you, ensuring everyone involved can make informed decisions about treatment options.

Your Next Steps

If your pet has been diagnosed with heart disease, ask your veterinarian about a referral to our cardiology service. Our team will thoroughly evaluate your pet’s condition and discuss whether these advanced procedures might be beneficial. We maintain close communication with your primary veterinarian throughout the entire process, ensuring coordinated care for your pet. If you have any questions please get in touch.